Understanding the role of lipoproteins, the body’s cholesterol and triglyceride transporters, is a key to unlocking the secrets of heart health. These selective proteins, with their two main types- HDL (high-density lipoprotein) and LDL(low-density lipoprotein)-are the protagonists in this health saga. The high-density lipoprotein, in particular, is a star player, ferrying the good cholesterol to the liver and blocking the passage of the bad cholesterol that can lead to diseases like atherosclerosis.
Types Of Lipoprotein
There are five types of proteins, but two main types play a significant role in the bloodstream. Here we will explain all five of the lipoproteins.
- The high-density lipoprotein, the guardian of your heart, is responsible for shuttling only the good cholesterol to the liver for disposal, playing a crucial protective role in heart health. However, it’s a delicate balance- too much of this good thing can also lead to cardiovascular issues.
- Low-density lipoprotein, the carrier of the bad cholesterol, is a troublemaker. This insoluble cholesterol accumulates in the blood vessels, forming plaque and paving the way for atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis, in turn, can cause hypertension and other heart-related problems.
- Very Low-Density lipoprotein is a lipoprotein produced in the liver and carries cholesterol and triglycerides.VLDL is also considered a bad cholesterol because they are associated with diseases like heart attack and atherosclerosis.
- Intermediate Density Lipoprotein: These lipoproteins are converted after VLDL transports triglycerides.
- Chylomicrons are the less dense lipoproteins and are usually produced after a meal so that they may transport fats. These lipoproteins are rich in phospholipids, cholesterol and proteins. Chylomicrons are rich lipoproteins that are made in the intestine.
How High Levels Of Lipoprotein Affect the Heart
High levels of lipoprotein(a) contribute to the formation of plaque buildup in the body. This buildup of plaque, a sticky substance made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances, can later cause a heart attack. High lipoprotein(a) levels can make you more susceptible to hypertension because this bad cholesterol can cause blood clots, leading to blockages in the arteries and increasing blood pressure. It can also lead to aortic stenosis, which causes chest pains, shortness of breath and restricted blood flow to and from the heart.
Why Testing For Lipoproteins In The Body Is Important
General testing is good because it helps you know what is happening in your body; hence, testing for lipoproteins is also essential, as high protein levels can cause fatal heart problems. Testing for lipoprotein(a) is necessary because the results will determine your risk of cardiovascular disease. When testing for high levels of lipoprotein(a), the healthcare facilitator will draw blood from you using the venipuncture method, where blood is drawn out of the body through veins. Afterwards, the blood sample is tested, and the normal range should be 27-30 mg/Dl; anything above or below the normal range means there is an underlying issue.
At Deepak Heart Institute, we have all the cutting-edge facilities and equipment to conduct a diagnosis and also help you start your treatment. We have experienced Doctors like Dr Kulwant Singh, who is savvy and has been in the industry for decades.